Management Hierarchies Australian Hospitals â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Management Hierarchies Australian Hospitals? Answer: Introducation Human resource management plays most important role in health and social care as it is well-known fact that employees are the real asset of every company and its effective management leads to favorable results for the business. Further, all the operations carried out by the health care enterprise are most crucial as they have to render various services to the patients as per their needs(Bartram, Stanton, Leggat, Casimir, Fraser, 2007). Therefore, it is necessary to recruit right employees who have proper knowledge and skills for the betterment of the company. Apart from this, large numbers of challenges are faced by companies at the time of recruiting efficient workforce such as finding the skilled workforce, inappropriate recruitment strategies, etc. The present study carried out is based on Baxter International Inc which is an American healthcare company headquartered in Illinois. The company renders the wide range of services where the main focus is on treating diseases such as k idney, immunity disorder, hemophilia, acute medical conditions, etc. The entire report focuses on the challenges faced by Baxter at the time of recruiting new professionals along with other human resource issues. Challenges for recruiting workforce in organization Baxter International Inc carried out all the operations on the wider basis, and this is the main reason due to which company has to hire the workforce that posses right skills and knowledge. Further, it is a well-known fact that all the operations performed in healthcare organization are crucial and they need to be carried out properly(Alfes, Truss, Soane, Rees, Gatenby, 2013). This is the main reason due to which right talent has to be hired within the company. Baxter Inc. has to face a large number of challenges while satisfying its human resource need. The first main issue is finding the right talent as it becomes difficult to identify whether the person is fit for the position. The key requirement of the company is the professional who have high experience in the medical field and can treat different patients. So, at the time of searching for any new professional company focuses on recruiting the individual who have high experience. But sometimes individuals with high experience do not possess right skills, and this generally leads to unfavorable outcomes for the business(Boon, Paauwe, Boselie, Den Hartog, 2009). No doubt, the healthcare sector of Australia is competitive, and this is the main reason due to which every company is in search for the skilled workforce. In the hiring, process company has undertaken various stages such as every candidate who applies in Baxter for any specific position has to undergo examination through which knowledge and skill level is tested. So, this sometimes proves to be beneficial for the business. In case if the right talent is not available in the workplace then patients have to suffer a lot where right treatment is not delivered(Brewster Mayrhofer, 2012) to them. The absence of right talent negatively affects brand image of Baxter where sometimes patients does not prefer to access healthcare services of the company. Therefore, in this way finding right talent as per the bu siness need is the major challenge that influences overall productivity of the company. Another key human resource issue faced by Baxter Inc is labor supply and demand where it has been found that in Australia demand for skilled healthcare professionals is high but on the other hand supply on the basis of that is limited. The imbalance present in between demand and supply is regarded as the main hurdle. Baxter Inc. is in search for skilled employees but due to the presence of inappropriate supply company is unable to render effective services. No doubt large numbers of people are present who are not having the job but the level of skill employee required by the healthcare company is not available(Harris, Cortvriend, Hyde, 2007). In case if the proper supply of the knowledgeable employees is present then in such case the internal operations of the Baxter Inc can be carried out smoothly, and in turn, it acts as the development tool for the business. Baxter Inc. focuses on the treatment of diseases such as kidney, immunity disorder, hemophilia etc so in this case supply o f skilled professional who can treat these types of patients is limited in Australia. Further, at the time of hiring candidates within the workplace organizational image is considered to be most where the image of Baxter Inc. in the entire market is positive and due to this reason a large number of individual approach company at the time when the specific requirement is present(Leggat, Bartram, Stanton, 2011). But on the other hand, considering the high requirement of the business no individual is easily selected by the company. In short, Baxter Inc. strongly focuses on analyzing skill and knowledge level of the candidate who applies for any specific position in the company. In case if any candidate meets the requirement then only individual is given a chance to work otherwise not. Recruitment strategy is also another challenge for the business where Baxter Inc. has to design effective recruitment strategy for hiring the most suitable candidate. Different modes of recruitment are present that are mainly divided into internal and external. Considering the internal mode of recruitment Baxter Inc. satisfies its human resource need internally such as transferring professional from one department to another, hiring with the help of employee referral, etc(Myers Dreachslin, 2007). On the other hand, external sources of recruitment are also present where advertisement, educational institutions, former employees, etc. are the methods that are undertaken by Baxter Inc for hiring professionals. Generally, both the sources are undertaken by the healthcare company while recruiting any candidate, but they have not supported in satisfying its actual need. So, in this case, Baxter Inc has to search for some other alternatives so that skilled professionals can be hired for serving patients with different needs. Many times company has hired new employees with the help of advertisement, but this has to lead to unfavorable results for the firm as such staff members were not at all able to satisfy the business needs regarding serving pat ients(Rodwell Teo, Strategic HRM in for-profit and non-profit organizations in a knowledge-intensive industry: The same issues predict performance for both types of organization. , 2004). In order to understand the concept of recruitment in better manner different models are present, that involves contingency hiring, retained search, exclusive requirements, executive search and recruitment process outsourcing. In contingency hiring whenever any organization comes across any specific requirement then it gives to the consultant at the same time. In this method, there is no assurance given to recruiter regarding their salary(Stanton, Young, Bartram, Leggat, 2010). In retained search method the recruitment consultant works for specific business need, and the payment is given into two parts where the fixed amount is paid by the business for search activity. The exclusive requirement is another effective strategy where the company gives requirement to the recruitment agency and in this strategy recruiter assist the client to close specific position within the specific date(CiteHr, 2015). So, in this way, these are some of the well-known recruitment strategies that are empl oyed by the companies to satisfy their human resource need. Further, it depends on every organization which recruitment mode to select considering the entire cost and benefits associated with the every strategy(Vermeeren, Steijn, Tummers, Lankhaar, Poerstamper, Van Beek, 2014). Sometimes it is possible that company is not able to select appropriate recruitment strategy and the results derived from the same are not at all favorable for the company. Demographic issue is also critical that acts as hurdle at the time when Baxter Inc hires any new employee for any specific position(Townsend, Wilkinson, Bartram, Guest editors' note: Lifting the standards of practice and research?Hospitals and HRM., 2011). For instance, if healthcare company wants to hire the experienced professional of 4 years who lies in the age group of 35 to 45 for treating kidney patients. Then in such case challenge is faced when professionals lying under this age group are not present. Along with this professional of 60 years and above age are present who are about to reach in the retirement age so this acts as the main issue for the firm. Further, diversity is another major issue where at present the employees who are working in Baxter Inc are different form background in the form of culture, religion, preference, etc(Rodwell Teo, The influence of strategic HRM and sector on perceived performance in health services organizations, 2008). Therefore, managing diversified workforce is the main challenge for the healthcare company as their perception varies from each other and sometimes situation of conflict arises within the company such as at the time of taking decision, etc. Moreover, same is the case when new employee has to be hired in the company then the first challenge is to decide what type of professional is needed in terms of background, culture, etc(Townsend Wilkinson, Managing under pressure: HRM in hospitals, 2010). Generally new employee face lot of difficulties in adjusting to the internal environment of the company and sometimes high diversified workforce acts as challenge. Conclusion The entire study carried out has supported in knowing about the key challenges that are faced by Baxter Inc at the time of hiring new employees within the workplace. Further, the areas that act like the issue for the healthcare company involves recruitment strategy, finding the right talent, the demographic issue that involves age, diversified workforce, etc. It has the direct impact on the productivity of the company. No doubt Baxter Inc has to serve different type of patients as per their actual need, and due to this reason there is a need to hire skilled professionals within the workplace. On the basis of the conclusion there are some recommendations to the company and they are as follows: It is recommended to rely more on internal source of recruitment such as promoting the existing employees to higher level as it is reliable as compared with the outside source of recruitment. Through this motivation level of present employees can be enhanced easily For management of diversified workforce they must be encouraged to involve in the business at maximum level The best recruitment strategy is to post requirement on the website of the company and along with this company can take assistance of the large recruitment agencies that can assist in finding right talent In order to analyze the skill and knowledge level of the candidate company can redesign its interview system where different situations can be given to the candidate on which individual has to act. So, this can assist in knowing whether individual can serve different type of patients confidently or not. Further, main focus must on developing the present workforce of the company and their knowledge development can surely assist in serving different type of patients as per their real expectations. Company can take suggestions from its employees in relation with the best way to hire new candidate Approaching professionals who are working in other healthcare organization and offering them higher pay can surely support Baxter Inc to deal with the issue linked with the recruiting talent employees within the workplace. So, in this way, these are some of the suggestions through which Baxter Inc can surely deal with the issues that are faced at the time of recruiting new professionals and experts for serving the different type of patients in the workplace. References Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E. C., Rees, C., Gatenby, M. (2013). The relationship between line manager behavior, perceived HRM practices, and individual performance: Examining the mediating role of engagement. Human resource management , 839-859. Bartram, T., Stanton, P., Leggat, S., Casimir, G., Fraser, B. (2007). Lost in translation: exploring the link between HRM and performance in healthcare. Human Resource Management Journal , 21-41. Boon, C., Paauwe, J., Boselie, P., Den Hartog, D. (2009). nstitutional pressures and HRM: developing institutional fit. Personnel Review , 492-508. Brewster, C., Mayrhofer, W. (2012). Handbook of research on comparative human resource management. United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing. CiteHr. (2015, August 17). Different Types of Recruitment Models. Retrieved September 23, 2017, from CiteHr: https://www.citehr.com/239695-types-recruitment-models.html Harris, C., Cortvriend, P., Hyde, P. (2007). Human resource management and performance in healthcare organisations. Journal of health organization and management , 448-459. Leggat, S. G., Bartram, T., Stanton, P. (2011). High performance work systems: the gap between policy and practice in health care reform. Journal of Health Organization and Management , 281-297. Myers, V. L., Dreachslin, J. L. (2007). Recruitment and retention of a diverse workforce: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Healthcare Management, , 290. Rodwell, J. J., Teo, S. T. (2004). Strategic HRM in for-profit and non-profit organizations in a knowledge-intensive industry: The same issues predict performance for both types of organization. . Public Management Review , 311-331. Rodwell, J. J., Teo, S. T. (2008). The influence of strategic HRM and sector on perceived performance in health services organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management , 1825-1841. Stanton, P., Young, S., Bartram, T., Leggat, S. G. (2010). Singing the same song: translating HRM messages across management hierarchies in Australian hospitals. The International Journal of Human Resource Management , 567-581. Townsend, K., Wilkinson, A. (2010). Managing under pressure: HRM in hospitals. Human Resource Management Journal , 332-338. Townsend, K., Wilkinson, A., Bartram, T. (2011). Guest editors' note: Lifting the standards of practice and research?Hospitals and HRM. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources , 131-137. Vermeeren, B., Steijn, B., Tummers, L., Lankhaar, M., Poerstamper, R. J., Van Beek, S. (2014). HRM and its effect on employee, organizational and financial outcomes in health care organizations. Human resources for health , 35.

Women and traumatic experiences

Introduction Typical societies comprise individuals of different race, gender, ethnic group, disability status, religious belief, and level of education. Based on these differences, there maybe minority and majority groups in the societies. A scenario is often witnessed in the societies whereby one group of individuals exercise power over the other group, which is forced to be submissive even to very cruel orders or actions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Women and traumatic experiences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Oppression is one area that currently attracts the attention of different psychologists. It refers to exercising authority and power on somebody in a cruel and unjustifiable manner. The oppression in this case can take different forms. It could be a physical oppression like physical abuse. It could also be psychological oppression following some strange event like earthquake, terrible accident, or sexual abuse. Oppression can pose adverse health problems to the victims. Whereas some forms of oppression are mild and can be tolerated, some kinds of oppression are severe and the victims may not overcome their undesirable negative consequences. The victims of such oppression in the societies are usually the minority groups in the society like those with disabilities. Females and children are other categories that are vulnerable to such effects of oppression. One of the effects of such oppression, especially on females, is psychological trauma. An individual is mentally disturbed following an experience of some oppression in this situation. A traumatic experience often translates into posttraumatic stress disorder whereby an individual is haunted by the experience. The condition is associated with various changes in the function of the individual’s central nervous system. Such individuals have difficulties in accommodating such events if they reoccur. The management of suc h situations requires an understanding of the history of one’s experiences. A psychologist is able to help such individuals to manage their emotions that are disturbed by the traumatic experiences. The psychologists must be able to understand how trauma manifests itself among different individuals. Proper therapy will then be developed depending on the identified causative factors. This paper focuses on the responses of females to traumatic experience like rape or natural disaster. It illuminates on the manifestation of this condition. It also focuses on how psychologists can intervene to help such individuals restore their normal emotions. Trauma and its symptoms Trauma is a condition in which an individual is mentally disturbed following some experience. A common traumatic experience that pose medical problem is rape committed by males on females. Sexual abuse by men is a kind of psychological oppression on women that poses mental disturbance to the latter.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They are also more vulnerable to other forms of discrimination like in employment or accesses to equitable social amenities than the males (McKenzie, 10). Females are also vulnerable to other traumatic events like natural disasters. The reactions of individuals to such events or experiences are often different. Whereas others may assume the event to be normal and deny its gravity, others are not able to accommodate them and are overwhelmed by the experience. The effects of such traumatic experiences also take different periods to be manifested in different individuals. The effects could be visible for as short as one week or it could take a number of decades. Some of these effects will be visible whereas others will be reflected on the victims’ actions. An individual who has had a traumatic experience has an unpredictable pattern of emotions and behaviors. The individuals are seen to have irregular responses to similar stimuli. The individual might be impressed by a given action or behavior in one instance only to be annoyed by the same behavior the next instance. The individuals also have hot tempers and are irritated by minor issues (Snelgrove, para.7). Stress related to trauma is also characterized by a confused state of mind. The victims have difficulties in concentrating in a given task especially those calling for effective decision-making. They show signs of anxiety and depression and may find difficulties in eating or sleeping well (Snelgrove, para.7). The inability to concentrate on a given task will reflect on one’s performance at work place. A significant drop in the level of performance of an individual at work place will be an indicator that the individual is undergoing some stress following a traumatic experience. Trauma also affects the social life of the victims. The females who have suffered some oppression from th e male counterparts find it difficult in developing a relationship with the males. They tend to avoid these individuals lest the same scenario occurs (Snelgrove, para.7). They always have an unnecessary flashback of their experience and would always want to keep some distance from the â€Å"bully† men. Extreme traumatic experiences may cause adverse physical health problems. The victims may experience headaches, chest pain, and nausea. Such individuals may also have abnormal response like increased heartbeat following a very mild experience.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Women and traumatic experiences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Effects of traumatic experience Traumatic experiences have physical, mental, and behavioral effects on the victims. These victims tend to engage in abuse of psychoactive substances like drugs and alcohol. Addiction to such substances has adverse effects on the physiologica l, behavioral, cognitive development of the victims (World health organization, para.1). The victims develop addictive disorders and are not able to stop these habits despite their adverse effects. Extreme traumatic experiences also lead to persistent anxiety and depression among the victims. Medical conditions like high blood pressure and heart diseases (heart failure) are also adverse effects of traumatic experience. This results from the effects of stress on the body physiology of the victims. The effects of a traumatic experience are also made worse if there are other pre-existing medical conditions. Victims of other medical conditions like diabetes, asthma, or chronic cold will have more pronounced medical conditions from the stress. Managing traumatic stress While some experiences can be accommodated and managed by the affected individuals, other experiences are extreme and require an intervention by a psychologist. In order to manage the stress and disorders following traumat ic experiences, psychologists need to understand that trauma occurs differently in different people. They need to understand that the healing process of such disorders may require a lot of time (Fanon, 264). Different people perceive the factors that are associated with traumatic experience differently. What one may consider as a traumatic experience may not have effects on the other person. It is important to note that the rates at which individuals recover from a traumatic experience are also different. These are determined by a number of factors. Consequently, the kind of psychological therapy provided to such individuals may also be different. Firstly, the extremity of a given traumatic experience will affect the rate of reaction or response to the condition. It will have effects on how the victim will manage the posttraumatic stress disorders. The components of the events that are traumatic are of important consideration in that an exposure to a single traumatic event may have a series of adverse experiences that have long-term effects (McFarlane Bryant, para.7). A female who had a serious sexual abuse and sustained physical injuries may take long time to come to terms with this experience. The oppression could have been inflicted on more than one female in a single scenario. The stress following the experience will be more adverse in case there were associated losses of lives. Similarly, massive destruction of property and loss of life from some major natural disaster may cause serious psychological problems.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondly, even for the traumatic experiences with similar magnitudes, the individuals have different abilities to manage the resulting mental disturbances. The number of times that such experiences have occurred in an individual’s life may affect how the individuals responds to, and recovers from, a given traumatic experience. An individual who has had a challenging traumatic experience and managed it well is better placed to cope up with a similar situation if it happens again. Another factor that affects an individual’s response to traumatic experience is the presence of other psychological challenges experienced by the individual. High poverty levels or lack of proper housing may worsen traumatic stresses (Anishnawbe Health Toronto, 16). Individuals with other psychological problems like that emanating from domestic violence or a long-term health problem like hypertension may find it difficult to cope up with an emotional disturbance following a traumatic experience . The consideration of these factors will enable psychologists and other mental health care specialists to develop a differential approach to help the victims manage the different situations. The psychologists and healthcare specialists should be able to risks of different individuals being harmed by the stresses or their possibility of harming others (Anishnawbe Health Toronto, 36). The gravity of mental health disorder caused is also considered here. The psychologists provide proper guidance to these individuals on how to respond to the serious stress and depression from such experiences. The therapy provided by the psychologists might incorporate different initiatives. Firstly, the psychologists should come up with group discussions that involve individuals with similar traumatic experiences. The psychologists need to encourage the victims to be relaxed and comfortable to share their feelings with the others. They should be encouraged to talk it out to friends and others with the same experience (Snelgrove, para.8). Meeting other individuals with similar experiences will motivate the victims to cope up with their emotional problems. The stress disorders are also characterized by unstable state of mind that can be corrected by relaxation techniques. The individuals should be encouraged to have enough rest or sleep to relieve some related stress. An application of other relaxation techniques is necessary in case an individual has difficulties in getting asleep. The techniques include reflexology, body massage, and physical exercises. The management of the stress disorders also requires that the victims have a healthy eating habit (Snelgrove, para.9). The psychologists should encourage the victims to eat adequate balanced diet. The victims of posttraumatic stress disorders may turn to alcohol and drugs to help them manage the stress and depression. This may lead to other health problems thus retarding the healing process (Snelgrove, para.9). A proper psychothe rapy practice will discourage use alcohol and drugs in managing stress from a traumatic experience. Besides, traumatic experiences are rekindled by occasions that are organized in memory of such events. An annual or biennial anniversary of some catastrophic event often regenerates fresh memories of the event by the victims. This makes management of the resulting conditions difficult. As such, such victims are not supposed to be allowed access or be exposed to such memorial occasions. The management of posttraumatic disorders has certain challenges. Depression is one major medical problem resulting from such traumatic experiences. Despite, the numerous methods that can be use to treat the conditions, the victims are reluctant to take the medications (Bell, para.12). They argue that they are very comfortable with their situations and will sort it out with others in the neighborhood. In such cases, there is need for the family members of such victims to intervene and subject the indivi duals to the appropriate medical care. The failure to take the appropriate mental health care initiatives results into scenes of crimes in the societies that are harmful to individuals within and outside the victims’ vicinity (Bell, para.12). It is also important to note that the period that elapses before a psychological or medical intervention is provided to victims of posttraumatic stress disorders will also determine the rate of recovery. An intervention that is provided immediately after the experience may work better than an intervention that is provided later in life. Conclusion It is thus important to acknowledge the fact that the traumatic experiences that individuals have (especially women) pose health challenges to the victims. Some of the experiences are mild and the victims may manage them without the intervention of other specialists. On the other hand, some of the situations may have adverse medical effects on the individuals and lead to various societal proble ms. The effects of traumatic experiences also occur differently in different people. These different situations should be identified at the right in order to make their management easier. It is the responsibility of every individual in the society to ensure that the victims of such mental disorders receive the appropriate medication. Works Cited Anishnawbe. â€Å"Health Toronto.† Mental Health Strategy. 2005. Web. Bell, Thaddeus. Film: Race and Medicine: Drapetomania, ICYOU. 2009. Web. Fanon, Frantz. â€Å"Colonial war and mental disorders.† The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove. 2004. Web. McFarlane, Alexander C. and Bryant, Richard A. â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder in occupational settings: anticipating and managing the risk.† Occupational Medicine, 57 (6): 404-410. 2007. Web. McKenzie, Kwame. Re-Conceptualizing â€Å"Trauma†: Examining the Mental Health Impact of Discrimination, Torture Migration for Racialized Groups in Toronto.  Web. Sn elgrove, Toby. Dealing with Traumatic Stress, Easton-Snelgrove. Web. World Health Organization. Substance Abuse. 2007. Web. This essay on Women and traumatic experiences was written and submitted by user Sage to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Hotel and Travel Vocabulary in Spanish

Hotel and Travel Vocabulary in Spanish Hotel reserved? Flights booked? Bags packed? Whats next is learning a few essential words to make your hotel stay a little easier. If youre headed to a Spanish-speaking country, your hotel is as good a place as any to practice Spanish. Your concierge or host will appreciate the effort and can help you with tricky pronunciations along the way. Different Hotel Types When in a country where Spanish is the primary language, travelers spend more time in their lodgings, called hospedajes, than any other place. If you have arrived in a Spanish-speaking  ubicacià ³n, which means location, nail down the type of hotel that you would prefer, also called a  hotel in Spanish, too.   Looking for a spa or resort? Then ask for the nearest balneario.  Want something deluxe, then you want something  de lugo!  Or looking more for a motel or inn, ask for el motel or la posada.  There are unique types of accommodations, or alojamientos, such as a  bed-and-breakfast, which is called a pensià ³n, or bungalows, called a bungalow in Spanish, too. Reservation Desk You have decided on the type of lodging, now you need to make reservations, called ​reservaciones. You will negotiate the costs, or tarifa, with the  hotelero, or hotelkeeper. It is appropriate to ask what the standard tip or propina should be for your bellhop, also called the botones. Upon checkout, you handle the bill, or la cuenta, with the hotelero. All About Your Room What kind of room, or  habitacià ³n, do you want? Want a suite, ask for a ​suite in Spanish, too. Do you need a single room, or  habitacià ³n sencilla?  Do you want a double, a habitacià ³n  doble, or a triple, also called a triple. Want to make sure you have a bathroom in your room, ask if it has a  baà ±o.   How about your bed, called a cama? Do you want a single bed, a cama de monja, or do you want a double bed, called a cama de matriomonio? Does it matter which floor, or piso, you are on? If you want to make sure you are on the ground floor ask for el piso bajo. Need directions to the ice machine? Ask for el hielo. How about a view, or vista, out your window? If you are in a beach locale, then perhaps la vista al mar, or a sea or ocean view, is important to you. Nice amenities to know about your room would be: Is there room service, or  el  servicio  en  cuarto? How about an in-room safe, called la caja de seguridad? Hotel Features The room is booked. You are officially a guest, or huesped. You are ready to explore the hotel amenities. Does it have a bar, also called bar, or a restaurant, called a restaurante? How about coffee in the morning? Where is  el cafà ©? The person who can guide you would be the concierge, or el conserje.   Are you in town for a convention, called la convencià ³n? Need to ask how to get to the convention hall? That would be called el salà ³n de convenciones. How about going out dancing after the convention? Ask about where to find a  discoteca. Other hotel amenities that can boost your vacation experience include free parking, called estacionamiento, a swimming pool, called a piscina, and a workout room, or gimnasio. English Guidance Due  to the widespread adoption of English, particularly at upper-end hotels, it may be more common to find signage for English words used to describe certain facilities or services. Do not be surprised if words like spa,concierge, and room service are used instead of the Spanish equivalent.

Ethics paper on pollution

Ethics paper on pollution Ethics paper on pollution Ethics Paper On Pollution Developed Countries Have a Higher Obligation to Combat Climate Change Prepared by Mohammad Ul Haque Id:0147217 MG660- Strategic Marketing Prepared for Professor Michael Altamiran Submission date: 10/15/2014 15 October 2015. Professor Michael Altamirano Kings Graduate School Monroe College Subject: Letter of transmittal (Ethics Paper) Dear Sir, It is an immense pleasure for me to submit you Ethics Paper titled Pollution. I have tried my best to make this report informative. However, despite of my best effort their may remain some flaws in the report. I hope and pray that the mistakes will be kindly excused. Lastly I would be thankful once again if you please give your judicious advice on effort. Sincerely yours, Mohammad Mahfuz Ul haque ID No.:0147217 MBA Program Executive Summary The main cause of the climatic change is due to pollution. Pollution is the main reason for this global climatic change and this adversity. Pollution is a big issue and it must be tackled by the joined effort of many nations. Pollution can be tackled by many means , the majority of the pollution comes from some of the Developed and Developing countries. Pollution is broadly classified into four types, Land pollution, Water pollution, Noise pollution and Air pollution. All these pollutions contribute to the global climatic change. These are the major pollutions that cause many adversities. Climatic conditions of the world depends on various factors such as rainfall, water currents, ocean tides, monsoons and humidity. Weather experts believe that all these factors that influence the weather conditions are affected by pollution. So the weather conditions of a country is affected by its pollution. Some experts suggest that pollutions also affects the crops and forests that are essentials for maintaining the weather conditions. Due to pollution weather patterns and rainfall patterns change tremendously and this brings about failure of crops and even drought in some cases. For a healthy agriculture in a country the climatic conditions and the rainfall of that country must be stable , it should not change tremendously. Thus climatic changes caused by pollution affects the agriculture of a country and thereby indirectly affecting the people of that country. It has been estimated by a survey that the food we eat , water that we drink and the air that we breathe are polluted. There are about 20% of people are dying of pollution. Pollution is caused by pollutants , they are the agents that cause pollution. Pollutants are released by many means, such as industries, houses, ship wreck , automobiles, burning of petroleum products and dumping of wastes in the open space. Pollutants are of different types, they can be dissolved in water, spread through air or get deposited in the soil and they all cause pollution in all of their forms. Pollutants that are released by industries are some times toxic and can affect the living things. Some of the toxic pollutants that are released by the industries are zinc, lead, nitrous, oxide of nitrous, oxides of sulphur, peroxides and radioactive wastes. Pollution and the global climatic conditions can be tackled by only by co-operation among various country. Most of the countries have a band on releasing certain hazardous chemicals into the atmosphere , these type of band must be made a law and they must be strictly implemented. All the industries must check their emissions for any poisonous pollutants and they must filter them before releasing their gases into the atmosphere. Every country must follow the policy of REUSE,REDUCE and RECYCLE. Table of contents 1. Introduction: 2. Types & Causes of Pollution Air Pollution Water Pollution Soil pollution Noise pollution Radioactive pollution Thermal/heat pollution Light pollution 3. Effects of Pollution: Environment Degradation: Human Health: Global Warming: Ozone Layer Depletion: Infertile Land:

Assessments in Instructional Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assessments in Instructional Design - Essay Example Generally, assessments are understood as tests that measure the levels of competence, knowledge or skills as results from instruction (Shank, 2009, p.1). Accordingly, good assessments of learning results measure whether students are capable of doing things they have to be able to do as instruction’s result. Dirks writes that assessments consist of two components. These are measurement and evaluation (Dirks, 1997, p.3). Measurement deals with describing students’ performance with the help of a quantitative and/or qualitative approach. Evaluation is about judging the adequacy of either students’ performance or sample work (Erickson & Wentling, 1978, p. 3). Importantly, there can be identified five principal types of assessments use. These are 1) Communication of the student’s achievement status 2) Providing self-evaluation data to a person who is learning 3) Learner placement for certain educational programs/paths 4) Motivation of a student 5) Evaluation of the instructional programs effectiveness (Guskey, 1996). Given this, the appropriate use of assessment can be explained as the one that successfully combines the aforementioned dimensions. In other words, appropriate use of assessment communicates achievement statuses of students, gives learners information for self-evaluation, helps place learners within selected educational programs, motivates students, helps find out whether an instructional program has been effective or not. The use or misuse of assessment can be evaluated through identifying whether the learning goals have been achieved. To illustrate, Shan thinks that â€Å"to determine if needed results have been achieved, results are often measured and assessed against a predefined set of standards† (Shank, 2009, p.1). In instructional design, these are known as learning objectives. For example, if a learning objective for a course of Business Etiquette is to teach students to identify the relevant actions for a numbe r of situations in business where these skills are to be used, the assessment designed as a learning game is inappropriate. This can be explained by the fact that just measuring whether the information presented by the professor has been remembered does not provide any measurement of students’ ability. To design appropriate assessments one should view them as an inseparable part of a complex instructional process. The latter combines 1) designing objectives that relate to needed results and are relevant to them; 2) designing assessments that are relevant to learning objectives; 3) designing instruction that is relevant to both objectives and assessments; 4) evaluation all three components to ensure they are relevant and needed results have been achieved (Shank, 2009, p.1). To judge about the assessment’s appropriateness one should identify whether the assessment can be characterized as 1) valid; 2) reliable; 3) feasible; 4) having stakes. Assessment’s validity i s understood as â€Å"the extent to which the assessment procedure measures what it is intended to measure† (Henning-Stout, 1994, p. 229).

Parents, Children and Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Parents, Children and Family - Essay Example In the story, Jin-mei interpreted her mother’s wishes as the following, â€Å"My mother believed you could be anything you wanted to be in America. America was where all my mother’s hopes lay. She had come to San Francisco in 1949 after losing everything in China: her mother and father, her family home, her first husband, and two daughters, twin baby girls.† (Tan 1208). Jing-mei only wanted to be herself. The mother and daughter’s conflict revolved around each of their perceptions of one another. Even though Suyuan Woo loves Jing-mei, sometimes that isn’t enough to make a happy family. Even though Suyuan Woo has high expectations for her child, there is no malice in her actions. â€Å"At the core of a happy family are parents and children, connected to one another in a way that is mutually satisfying, pleasing and enduring.† (Lezin, Rollen, Bean and Taylor). Though this family has endured, both parties, Suyuan Woo and Jing-mei, are not pleased or satisfied with each other. Sometimes being a family, does not always mean being a happy family. I Stand Here Ironing relates a tale of a daughter, Emily, and her mother. Emily’s mother is standing at an ironing board ironing, while speaking to the audience. As she irons, the mother muses about her failures as mother, even though she was a single parent. She felt Emily did not receive enough attention because of her work, trying to support Emily and her four siblings. The book relates that Emily’s father left before she was a year old with only explanation â€Å"he could no longer endure.† (Olsen). Emily’s mother had no choice but to raise her daughter to the best of her abilities, even though she felt that Emily needed more. The relationship between Emily and her mother is more common today than it was when this story was set. â€Å"More than half of all children will spend some of their lives in a single-parent family. Currently, 90% of these families are headed by women.† (Hare and

Anti-discriminatory practices Essay Example for Free

Anti-discriminatory practices Essay The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the impact of discriminatory practice on work with children and investigate the ways in which the needs of children can be met through a range of anti-discriminatory practices. What is discriminatory and Anti-discriminatory Practice? There are many different definitions of the above that can be used: Any prejudice view or diverse treatment because of race, colour, creed, or national origin (www. surestart. gov. uk) is seen as discriminatory practice along withAccording to Lindon (2004 p128) Discrimination means behaving in an unfair way towards a person because of the way we have judged them. There are two types of discrimination: Direct discrimination: This is treating someone unfairly compared to someone else in the same or similar circumstances; it could be as a result of their sex, race, marital status, disability, or age for example. Indirect discrimination: This when you are discriminated against in general because of a generalization that has been made without taking in each persons situation into account. In order to challenge discrimination several laws, code of conducts and policies are in place. Discriminating against someone can be in the forms of labelling, stereotyping and oppression and all must be challenged immediately. (Miche. V 2004:128) Anti-discriminatory practice will ensure that everyone has the same rights regardless of things such as family background, appearance, lifestyle, gender, race or medical history. (Tassoni et al. 2000:11) In order to promote equality and anti discrimination early educators must follow relevant legislation, curriculum frameworks and official guidance.